- Historical significance: Through 11 galleries of permanent exhibits divided by theme and era, the museum charts the history of nearly 1,000 years of the Byzantine Empire.
- Invaluable antiquities: The museum has over 3,000 historical items, including wall paintings, friezes, frescoes, mosaics, icons, sculptures, architectural elements, detached Early Christian tombs, textiles, everyday artifacts, tools, and jewellery, on display.
- Multimedia elements: Audio-visual material and interactive touchscreen displays alongside the exhibits provide in-depth information, enhancing visitors' experience and transporting them back into this fascinating period of history.
- Architectural significance: The museum's building, designed by architect Kyriakos Krokos, is a modern architectural masterpiece. It blends contemporary design with elements inspired by Byzantine architecture.